What is a likely cause of a reciprocating engine backfiring through the induction system at low RPM?

A lean mixture can lead to backfiring through the induction system in a reciprocating engine at low RPM due to the altered combustion dynamics it causes. When the air-fuel mixture is lean, there isn't enough fuel for complete combustion, which can result in incomplete combustion occurring in the combustion chamber. This can create a situation where unburned fuel ignites in the induction system instead of in the cylinder, leading to a backfire.

At low RPM, the engine does not generate enough airflow to draw in the proper fuel-to-air mix, making the fuel mixture leaner than desirable. The instability in combustion and potential drops in cylinder pressure can further exacerbate the issue, contributing to backfiring events. This condition often corresponds with other symptoms, such as rough engine operation or backfire noise, indicating an imbalance in the air-fuel ratio that necessitates correction for optimal engine performance.