What are the primary types of reciprocating engines based on configuration?

The primary types of reciprocating engines based on configuration include inline, V-type, and opposed engines.

Inline engines have cylinders arranged in a single straight line, which can lead to a more compact design and effective balance. V-type engines arrange cylinders in two banks forming a "V" shape, providing a more powerful engine in a smaller space. Opposed engines, also known as flat or boxer engines, have the cylinders arranged horizontally opposite each other. This design helps in achieving a lower center of gravity and better balance, which enhances stability and reduces vibration.

The other answer choices refer to different types of classifications: diesel, gasoline, and hybrid pertain to fuel types rather than configuration; while two-stroke and four-stroke refer to the operating cycles of the engine, and rotary engines describe a different engine design entirely, which does not fall under the category of reciprocating engines.